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Imported asbestos over the course of 40 years was predominantly Canadian chrysotile, with small amounts of Australian or South African crocidolite.
- James Hardie established an asbestos-cement factory in Penrose in 1938. Production continued until 1987, although from 1983 asbestos was only used in pipes.
- Chrysotile was mined in Takaka from 1952-1963.
- Fletchers established a factory in Riccarton in 1943 (Durock Industries) which closed in 1974.